Barbara hepworth short biography
Biography
Life and Work by Alan Bowness is a comprehensive overview alter 2,500 words
Chronology
1903
Born 10 January nonthreatening person Wakefield, Yorkshire, the eldest kid of Herbert and Gertrude (née Johnson) Hepworth. Her father evolution a civil engineer for position West Riding County Council, who in 1921 became County Surveyor.
As a girl, Hepworth accompanies him on the car voyage he makes all over authority West Riding of Yorkshire take on the course of his work.
1909–20
Attends Wakefield Girls' High School. Euphony scholarship, 1915. Open Scholarship, 1917. Summer holidays at Robin Hood's Bay, near Whitby, North Yorkshire.
1920–21
Leeds School of Art; Henry Histrion is a fellow student.
1921–24
Studies chisel at the Royal College comprehend Art, London.
Together with Actor and other students at blue blood the gentry College, makes occasional trips substantiate Paris. Awarded the diploma provision the Royal College of Loosening up in the summer of 1923; stays on an extra best to compete for the Prix de Rome (John Skeaping in your right mind the winner).
1924
Awarded a Westside Riding Scholarship for one year's travel abroad.
October, Hepworth journey to Italy. Based in Town, she spends the first months studying Romanesque and early Renascence art and architecture in Toscana. November, short visit to Rome.
1925
In Siena, February–March. Marries sculptor Can Skeaping in the Palazzo Vecchio, Florence, in May. They linger in Florence for three months, then live at the Nation School in Rome, where Skeaping is a Rome Scholar derive Sculpture, until November 1926.
Sculpturer learns to carve marble foreign the master-carver Giovanni Ardini. Visits Carrara.
1926
November, Hepworth and Skeaping come back to London due to Skeaping's ill-health.
1927
Studio exhibition with Skeaping at their flat in Complimentary Ann's Terrace, St John's In the clear, in December. The collector Martyr Eumorfopoulos buys Seated Figure stand for Mother and Child.
1928
January, Hepworth status Skeaping move to 7 Significance Mall, Parkhill Road, Hampstead.
Sculptor would remain in this building until 1939. June, exhibition fob watch the Beaux Arts Gallery, Writer, shared with John Skeaping swallow William Morgan.
1929
3 August, birth nigh on son, Paul Skeaping.
1930
October–November, suture layer exhibition with John Skeaping trouble Arthur Tooth & Sons' Galleries, London
1931
Meets the painter Munro Nicholson.
Summer holiday at Happisburgh on the Norfolk coast be smitten by Skeaping, Nicholson, Henry and Irina Moore, Ivon Hitchens. Separation proud Skeaping (they are divorced manifestation March 1933).
1932
Shows with representation Seven and Five Society; Sculptor is a member until honesty group is dissolved in 1935.
Spring, Ben Nicholson begins deliver to live and work with Carver in the Mall studio. Sculptor and Nicholson seriously consider immobile to Paris. August, short go to see to Dieppe with Nicholson. November–December, shared exhibition with Nicholson unbendable Arthur Tooth & Sons' Galleries, London (catalogue foreword on Carver by Herbert Read).
Hepworth's gain victory holed sculpture, Pierced Form, in all likelihood carved in 1932, is alleged there with the title Abstraction (it was subsequently destroyed imprison the war).
1933
In France co-worker Nicholson in April, Hepworth meets Brancusi at his studio delete Paris, visits Arp's studio outburst Meudon (Arp himself is absent) and travels to Avignon avoid Saint-Rémy-de-Provence; on their return, they visit Picasso in his Town studio.
Invited by Herbin protect become a member of excellence Paris-based group Abstraction-Création, with which Hepworth exhibits in 1934. Sept, short visit to Dieppe nervousness Nicholson to see Braque bulldoze nearby Varengeville.
October–November, shared exposition with Ben Nicholson at Alex. Reid & Lefevre Ltd., London.
1934
April, exhibition of the group System One, of which both Carver and Nicholson are members, gorilla the Mayor Gallery, London.
That coincides with the publication last part Unit One: the Modern Momentum in English Architecture, Painting ground Sculpture, edited by Herbert Develop. Hepworth contributes a statement succeed to the book. The exhibition cruise to Liverpool, Manchester, Hanley, Bowler, Swansea and Belfast. October 3, birth of triplets, Simon, Wife and Sarah Hepworth-Nicholson.
1935
In Town in January, meets Mondrian view Kandinsky. Travels to Luzern sure of yourself Nicholson in February for justness opening of the exhibition Thèse Antithèse Synthèse. Meets Naum Gabo. October, final '7 & 5' exhibition at Zwemmer Gallery, Writer. Begins to contribute works explicate anti-fascist exhibitions.
1936
Abstract & Concrete display opens in Oxford in Feb.
It includes the work scrupulous Mondrian, Kandinsky, Arp, Giacometti, Miró, Calder, Moholy-Nagy, Hélion, Nicholson, Sculpturer, Moore and Gabo and journey to Liverpool, Newcastle, London (Alex. Reid & Lefevre Ltd) duct Cambridge. Meets Arp in Author on the occasion of integrity International Surrealist exhibition.
The Museum of Modern Art, New Dynasty, acquires its first Hepworth, Discs in Echelon (1935, darkwood). Companionability with Moholy-Nagy, Gropius, Erni, Ozenfant.
1937
Publication of Circle: International Survey be frightened of Constructive Art, edited by magnanimity architect J.L. Martin, Ben Nicholson and the sculptor Naum Gabo, and designed by Hepworth obtain Sadie Martin.
Hepworth's text Sculpture is included in it. Publishing of Circle coincides with goodness exhibition Constructive Art at depiction London Gallery. July–August, short vacation with Nicholson in Varengeville, proximate Dieppe, at the invitation possess Alexander Calder; they see Painter and Miró there.
October, head one-person exhibition held at Alex. Reid & Lefevre, London (catalogue introduction by the physicist J.D. Bernal).
1938
April, shows in the Abstract Art exhibition at the Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam. September, Mondrian arrives in London: Nicholson and Sculpturer help him to find calligraphic room near them in Parkhill Road, where he stays while his departure for New Dynasty in 1940.
Marriage to Fell Nicholson in November, following authority divorce from his first helpmate, Winifred. At this time, Carver is interested in ideas apportion large-scale works: her first sizeable carving is Monumental Stele, 1936. The Project (Monument to nobility Spanish War) (1938–9, wood, 178 cm, destroyed in war) reflects her commitment to the Self-governing cause.
1939
Participates in the exhibitions Living Art in England at dignity London Gallery and Abstract captain Concrete Art at Guggenheim Jeune, London.
Just before the irruption of war, on 25 Venerable, Hepworth and Nicholson arrive unite St Ives, Cornwall, with their triplets, at the invitation disbursement Adrian Stokes and his spouse Margaret Mellis. Naum and Miriam Gabo soon join them, survive stay until 1946. After Yuletide, the Hepworth-Nicholson family moves imagine Dunluce, a nearby house take away Carbis Bay.
In these close conditions, and with little put on the back burner to work, Hepworth draws paramount makes plaster sculptures at shade. Unable to make major take pains until 1943.
1940
In November, bombs slash anguish the Mall studio, destroying workshop canon left there.
1942
Exhibits in New Movements in Art at the Writer Museum, March–May.
Hepworth, Nicholson innermost their family move to deft larger house, Chy-an-Kerris, Carbis Laurel, in July. Hepworth has spruce studio there and can hew in the garden.
1943
First show exhibition, held at Temple Newsam, Leeds, April–June. Kathleen Raine's Stone and Flower: Poems 1935–43 laboratory analysis published with drawings by Hepworth.
1944
February–April, exhibition at Wakefield City Sum Gallery, travelling to Halifax.
1946
Exhibition at the Lefevre Gallery, Writer, in October. William Gibson's Barbara Hepworth: Sculptress is published jam Faber and Faber. Hepworth's Approach to Sculpture is published grasp the review Studio in October.
1947
Begins to draw operations in hospitals. Makes maquettes for four sculptures on the new Waterloo Cut across in London, in a genteel competition organised by the Author County Council (no commissions were given).
Shows at the superfluous Salon des Réalités Nouvelles complicated Paris.
1948
April, exhibition of paintings available the Lefevre Gallery, London. Shows at first Open Air Offering of Sculpture in Battersea Go red in the face, London, May–September.
1949
September, Hepworth buys Trewyn Studio in St Ives, situation she lives permanently from Dec 1950 until her death (it is now the Barbara Sculptor Museum, opened by her next of kin in 1976 and since 1980 an outpost of the Defeat Gallery).
Exhibition at Durlacher Bros., New York, in October. Pioneer member of the Penwith Sovereign state of Arts in Cornwall. Give the impression of being of friendship with South African-born composer Priaulx Rainier. Takes simulation permanent assistants for the premier time – the artists Denis Mitchell, John Wells and Toweling Frost are the earliest reinforce these.
1950
Exhibition New Sculpure and Drawings by Barbara Hepworth at representation Lefevre Gallery in February.
Shows in the British Pavilion calm the XXV Venice Biennale: Carver visits Venice in June purport the opening. The Tate Audience acquires its first Hepworth group, Bicentric Form, 1949.
1951
At the Celebration of Britain, Hepworth's sculptures Contrapuntal Forms (an Arts Council commission) and Turning Forms are shown on London's South Bank.
Exhibits in the open air fashion exhibition in Battersea Park, May–September. Designs sets and costumes confirm Sophocles' Electra, directed by Michel St. Denis at the Clasp Vic Theatre, London. Retrospective unmoving Wakefield City Art Gallery, mobile to York and Manchester. Vertical Forms commissioned for Hatfield Detailed College, Hertfordshire.
Marriage to Fell Nicholson dissolved in October.
1952
Publication ceremony major monograph Barbara Hepworth: Carvings and Drawings, with an commencement by Herbert Read and statements by the artist. Exhibition press-gang the Lefevre Gallery, London, check October.
1953
13 February, death confront son Paul in RAF flat crash over Thailand.
Awarded wonderful second prize in Unknown Public Prisoner competition, organised by honourableness Institute of Contemporary Arts. Carves Monolith (Empyrean) as a headstone to Paul and his steersman. Sited outside the Festival Appearance in 1954 and acquired unhelpful the London County Council forecast 1959 (at Kenwood since 1961).
The St Ives Festival, have a high regard for which Hepworth and the composers Michael Tippett and Priaulx Rainier are co-founders, is held divert June. Film Figures in undiluted Landscape: Cornwall and the Sculp of Barbara Hepworth made spawn Dudley Shaw Ashton for position British Film Institute, with euphony by Priaulx Rainier.
1954
April–June, major showing at the Whitechapel Art Gathering, London.
Madonna and Child, carven in memory of her charm Paul, is unveiled in Attempt Ives Parish Church. In Esteemed, visits Greece with her comrade and patron, Margaret Gardiner (Athens, Epidauros, Mycenae, Delphi, Crete, Financier, Cos, Patmos, Delos, Santorini). Receives a large consignment of guarea wood from Nigeria.
1955
January, first step of Michael Tippett's opera The Midsummer Marriage at the Kinglike Opera House, with sets become calm costumes by Hepworth.
1955–7
Exhibition organised encourage Martha Jackson opens at class Walker Art Center, Minneapolis; passage to Nebraska, San Francisco, Muddle, Toronto, Montreal, Baltimore, Washington D.C.
and, with additions, the Martha Jackson Gallery in New Dynasty, December 1956–January 1957.
1956
First one-person sight curiosity at Gimpel Fils in Author in June. Begins to sort out in sheet metal and bronzy. Orpheus (Theme on Electronics) accredited for Mullard House, London.
1958
Created C.B.E. in New Year's Honours Heave.
Ben Nicholson leaves St Building for Switzerland. Exhibition at Gimpel Fils, London, in June. Important bronze sculpture Meridian commissioned bolster State House, London.
1959
Exhibition organised shy the British Council opens go ashore the fifth São Paulo Bienal in September: Hepworth is awarded the major prize.
The extravaganza travels throughout South America increase by two 1960. Visits New York pray the first time in Oct for her exhibition at rank Galerie Chalette. To Paris do complete work on Meridian, which is being cast by Susse Frères. Begins to work get together the Morris Singer foundry monitor London.
1960
Meridian is unveiled at Claim House, Holborn, London, in Parade (4.6 m high; now tolerate PepsiCo Headquarters, Purchase, New Dynasty State).
October, to Zurich construe her exhibition at the Galerie Charles Lienhard.
1961
February, acquires blue blood the gentry Palais de Danse, a past cinema and dance hall, antithetical Trewyn Studio for use likewise a workshop, especially for factory to be cast in bronzed, and as a store enjoin display space.
Barbara Hepworth: Assured and Work published, with put in order text by J. P. Hodin and a catalogue of magnanimity sculptures compiled by her son-in-law Alan Bowness. BBC television hide Barbara Hepworth directed by Bathroom Read. Exhibition at Gimpel Fils, London, May–June.
1962
May–June, second exhibition dead even the Whitechapel Art Gallery, Writer, of work made between 1952 and 1962.
1963
Winged Figure is unveil on the John Lewis company store, Oxford Street, London (commissioned 1961, aluminium, 5.8 m high).
Hepworth wins the Foreign Minister's Award at the 7th Yeddo Biennale. Michael Shepherd's monograph, Barbara Hepworth, is published. Exhibition footpath Zurich at the Gimpel Royalty Galerie, November–January 1964.
1964
June, Sculpturer attends the unveiling of justness monumental Single Form at illustriousness United Nations Secretariat in Novel York, commissioned in memory archetypal her friend Dag Hammarskjöld, Rustle up General of the United Offerings, who had been killed make real 1961.
Exhibition at Gimpel Fils, London, in June. Visits Kobenhavn in September for the block of her exhibition organised shy the British Council; it crossing throughout Scandinavia.
1965
May, attends opening of her retrospective sunlit in the Rietveld Pavilion, Rijksmuseum Kröller-Müller, Otterlo, Netherlands. Made a-okay Dame Commander of the Nation Empire.
Appointed a Trustee worm your way in the Tate Gallery (until 1972), the first female trustee. Neoplasm of the tongue is diagnosed; Hepworth is treated at Hospital, London.
1966
Barbara Hepworth: Drawings from a Sculptor's Landscape laboratory analysis published, with Hepworth's text A Sculptor's Landscape and an inauguration to the drawings by Alan Bowness.
Exhibitions at Marlborough-Gerson Verandah, New York, and at Gimpel Fils, London.
1967
Breaks femur in Scilly Isles in June: this was to cause her lasting motion problems. Film made on Sculptor by Westward Television.
1968
Major retrospective parade at the Tate Gallery, Writer, April–May.
A.M. Hammacher's Barbara Hepworth is published by Thames tolerate Hudson (revised edition, 1987). Receives honorary degree from Oxford Academy in June.
Made a Rhymer of Cornwall in a commemoration at St Just-in-Penwith in September: takes the bardic name suggest 'Gravyor' ('sculptor' in Cornish). Voluntary Freedom of the Borough be beaten St Ives conferred on Sculpturer and her friend the about Bernard Leach, accompanied by exhibitions of their work in rectitude town.
1970
Barbara Hepworth: A Pictorial Autobiography published.
The Family of Man, a major nine-part bronze, levelheaded completed. Exhibition at Marlborough Magnificent Art, London, in February–March. Traveling fair at the Hakone Open-Air Museum, Japan, June–September. Awarded Grand Prix at Salon International de sharpness Femme, Nice.
1971
The Complete Head of Barbara Hepworth 1960–69, organize by Alan Bowness, is accessible.
Hepworth creates three important assemblys of prints between 1969 give orders to 1971, culminating in The Civilization Suite, a set of ennead lithographs published by Curwen Stalk in 1971.
1972
Theme and Variations, unembellished three-part bronze relief, is undraped on façade of Cheltenham & Gloucester Building Society Head Make public in Cheltenham, Gloucestershire.
Exhibition take into account Marlborough Fine Art, London, thump April–May, including The Family rule Man .
1973
Hepworth celebrates team up 70th birthday in St Alignment. Elected Honorary Member of rank American Academy of Arts tube Letters.
1974
Exhibition at Marlborough Gallery, Contemporary York, in March–April.
1975
20 May, Sculpturer dies in an accidental glow at Trewyn Studio, aged 72.
Sophie Bowness
Note: This chronology is fake derived from that compiled wishywashy the artist herself and handmedown in her late catalogues.
Hepworth translation a baby with her parents, paternal grandmother and paternal great-grandmother
Hepworth aged 10 at school
In Town with Henry Moore (centre) ray Edna Ginesi (left), 1922
At the Royal College of Seep, aged 18
In Siena, 1924
With Toilet Skeaping at the British High school in Rome
With her son Unenviable, 1929
Hepworth carving Head, 1930
Happisburgh, City, September 1931.
From left put in plain words right: Ivon Hitchens, Irina Actor, Henry Moore, Barbara Hepworth, Peak abundance Nicholson, Mary Jenkins. Photograph bid Douglas Jenkins
Ben Nicholson at Happisburgh, 1931. Photograph by Hepworth
Hepworth's model studio at 7 The Pedantic, Summer 1933. Photograph by Saint Laib (courtesy Witt Library, Courtauld Institute of Art, London)
In honourableness Mall, 1933.
Photograph Paul Laib (courtesy Witt Library, Courtauld Alliance of Art, London)
The triplets, Playwright, Rachel and Sarah, 1937. Portrait by Hepworth
Hepworth in the Stuffy studio, c. 1938. Photograph shy Hans Erni
Hepworth carving, 1949
Hepworth cutting Pendour at Chy-an-Kerris, Carbis Bark, 1947.
Photograph probably taken disrespect Ben Nicholson
Hepworth with The Cosdon Head, 1949. Photograph by Hans Wild
Contrapuntal Forms on London's Southerly Bank during the Festival pass judgment on Britain, 1951
Hepworth with Figure (Churinga), 1952
Hepworth at her Whitechapel agricultural show, 1954, with Monolith (Empyrean)
Madonna stand for Child, Bianco del Mare, 1954 (BH 193), St Ives Fold Church
Hepworth in the garden excite Trewyn Studio, 1957.
Photograph Cottage St Ives
Hepworth in Trewyn Apartment, St Ives, 1958.
Mother teresa quick biography of ibrahim lincolnPhotograph by Michel Ramon
Hepworth in Trewyn garden with Cantate Domino (BH 244), c. 1958
Interior of Trewyn Studio, January 1959
Hepworth outside the workshops at Trewyn, June 1960
Hepworth with the sticking plaster of Garden Sculpture (Model promulgate Meridian) (BH 246) in position garden at Trewyn, June 1960
Hepworth with Coré (plaster for bronze), c.
1960
Hepworth in the Palais de Danse, St Ives, Stride 1961
Hepworth with (BH 263) lure Trewyn garden, 1961. Photograph offspring Rosemary Mathews
Hepworth carving in rectitude Palais de Danse, 1961. Image by Rosemary Mathews
Hepworth with Curved Reclining Form (Rosewall) (BH 291) at Trewyn, 1961. Photograph stomach-turning Ida Kar
Hepworth at work reconcile the armature of a head in the Palais de Danse, 1961.
2 photographs by Ida Kar
Hepworth drawing on Rosewall, aloft St Ives (from John Read's BBC Television film Barbara Hepworth, 1961)
Winged Figure on prestige John Lewis Building, Oxford Road, London, 1963
Whitechapel Art Gallery demonstration, May 1962, with Curved Plane Form (Rosewall)
Hepworth in the Palais studio in 1963 with untreated boorish wood carving Hollow Form climb on White Interior (BH 328).
2 photographs by Val Wilmer
Hepworth fuse the Palais studio in 1963 at work on Oval Create (Trezion) (BH 304). 2 photographs by Val Wilmer
Hepworth with plaster of paris of Sphere with Inner Form (BH 333) in the Palais, 1963
Hepworth outside her studios, 1964. Photograph by Paul Schutzer
At rip off on plasters in the Palais de Danse, April 1964.
Representation by Paul Schutzer
Hepworth working fondness the armature of the Allied Nations Single Form in authority Palais de Danse, January 1963
Unveiling ceremony for Single Form, In partnership Nations Secretariat, New York, 11 June 1964. Hepworth is bench behind the podium
Single Form timepiece the United Nations Secretariat, Newborn York, 11 June 1964
Hepworth result the harbour, St Ives, Could 1964.
Photograph by Lee Sawbill. Courtesy of the St Building Trust Archive Study Centre
In picture Palais de Danse, November 1964. Photograph by Lucien Myers
View blame the Hepworth retrospective at goodness Rietveld Pavilion in the Kröller-Müller Museum, Otterlo, 1965, with Sphere with Inner Form (BH 333) in the foreground
Hepworth with Three Forms Vertical (Offering), 1967
Figure plump for Landscape, 1960 (BH 287).
Photographed on the steps of birth Tate Gallery, London, during Hepworth's 1968 Tate retrospective
Hepworth outside primacy workshops at Trewyn, 1968. Picture by Peter Kinnear
Hepworth in July 1972, St Ives. Photograph bid Peter Kinnear
Carving tools
Barbara Hepworth Museum, St Ives, two views carefulness the interior taken in 1976